Who Invented Alternating Current? The Dated Record
No single person did. AC power was built in pieces between 1831 and 1891: generator, transformer, motor and line. The dates, checked.
Alex Turner
Alex Turner is an engineer who works on data centre infrastructure. He writes about data centres as physical buildings, where the choices are forced by heat and by the grid long before anyone decides them.
Did James Watt Invent the Steam Engine? The Dates, Checked Against the Patents
No. Newcomen's engine ran in 1712. Watt's 1769 patent made it burn about a third of the coal. Every date, checked against the records.
How does a CCD sensor work? A pixel’s charge can travel 4,096 steps before it is read
Your phone reads each pixel where it sits. A CCD passes every pixel's charge, step by step, to an amplifier at the edge of the chip.
Grid to chip power efficiency: 800 V DC gains about 2 points, still unmeasured
Per 100 kW from the grid, a stage model puts 81 kW at the GPU rails with modern AC and 84 kW with 800 V DC. No measured end-to-end comparison has been published yet.
Copenhagen data centres cannot sign new grid agreements until Energinet allocates capacity
Radius Elnet now ranks data centres last of four categories. What an operator planning in Copenhagen should do before Energinet's answers.
An H100 operation costs about 100 million Landauer limits
Physics sets a floor for erasing one bit. At peak, an H100 spends about 100 million times that energy per operation: a scale, not a like-for-like test.
What does electricity cost a data centre in Europe? 2026 prices by country
From €0.071 to €0.180 per kWh: what a 10 MW data centre pays for power in 15 European countries, and the bill it adds up to.
Data-centre maintenance contracts: how to tell if a UPS, generator or chiller quote is high
Public awards rarely show what one UPS, generator or chiller costs to maintain. Seven lines that make a maintenance quote comparable before you sign.
What did Nikola Tesla invent? His patents, and what he did not
Tesla patented the AC induction motor and the Tesla coil. He did not invent AC or the light bulb, and radio is murkier. His patents, dated.
What did Albert Einstein invent? His patents, checked against the records
Einstein patented a fridge, a pump, a camera and a sound device with partners. Here is each one, checked against the patent records.
Why one AI training run can make the power grid wobble
AI training makes GPUs swing power together, and data centres can drop off the grid. What causes both, what each fix costs, and what to ask your utility.
Why data in optical fibre is 32% slower than light
Data in fibre is often said to move at the speed of light. In standard fibre it moves at 204,107 km/s, 68.1% of it, because the glass slows the pulse.